Integrand size = 24, antiderivative size = 338 \[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n}+\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}-\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}+\frac {b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n} \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2 e n}-\frac {b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n} \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2 e n} \]
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Time = 0.76 (sec) , antiderivative size = 338, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 12, number of rules used = 8, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.333, Rules used = {4294, 4290, 4276, 3404, 2296, 2221, 2317, 2438} \[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\frac {b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n} \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {i a e^{i \left (d x^n+c\right )}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a d^2 e n \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}-\frac {b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n} \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {i a e^{i \left (d x^n+c\right )}}{b+\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a d^2 e n \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}+\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b-\sqrt {b^2-a^2}}\right )}{a d e n \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}-\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{\sqrt {b^2-a^2}+b}\right )}{a d e n \sqrt {b^2-a^2}}+\frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n} \]
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Rule 2221
Rule 2296
Rule 2317
Rule 2438
Rule 3404
Rule 4276
Rule 4290
Rule 4294
Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \frac {\left (x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \int \frac {x^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx}{e} \\ & = \frac {\left (x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x}{a+b \csc (c+d x)} \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{e n} \\ & = \frac {\left (x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \left (\frac {x}{a}-\frac {b x}{a (b+a \sin (c+d x))}\right ) \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{e n} \\ & = \frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n}-\frac {\left (b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x}{b+a \sin (c+d x)} \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{a e n} \\ & = \frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n}-\frac {\left (2 b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {e^{i (c+d x)} x}{i a+2 b e^{i (c+d x)}-i a e^{2 i (c+d x)}} \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{a e n} \\ & = \frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n}+\frac {\left (2 i b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {e^{i (c+d x)} x}{2 b-2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2}-2 i a e^{i (c+d x)}} \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{\sqrt {-a^2+b^2} e n}-\frac {\left (2 i b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {e^{i (c+d x)} x}{2 b+2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2}-2 i a e^{i (c+d x)}} \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{\sqrt {-a^2+b^2} e n} \\ & = \frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n}+\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}-\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}-\frac {\left (i b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \log \left (1-\frac {2 i a e^{i (c+d x)}}{2 b-2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right ) \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}+\frac {\left (i b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \log \left (1-\frac {2 i a e^{i (c+d x)}}{2 b+2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right ) \, dx,x,x^n\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n} \\ & = \frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n}+\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}-\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}-\frac {\left (b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\log \left (1-\frac {2 i a x}{2 b-2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{x} \, dx,x,e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2 e n}+\frac {\left (b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {\log \left (1-\frac {2 i a x}{2 b+2 \sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{x} \, dx,x,e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2 e n} \\ & = \frac {(e x)^{2 n}}{2 a e n}+\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}-\frac {i b x^{-n} (e x)^{2 n} \log \left (1-\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d e n}+\frac {b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n} \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b-\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2 e n}-\frac {b x^{-2 n} (e x)^{2 n} \operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {i a e^{i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{b+\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{a \sqrt {-a^2+b^2} d^2 e n} \\ \end{align*}
Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(1003\) vs. \(2(338)=676\).
Time = 6.35 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1003, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.97 \[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\frac {(e x)^{2 n} \csc \left (c+d x^n\right ) \left (1-\frac {2 b x^{-2 n} \left (\frac {\pi \arctan \left (\frac {a+b \tan \left (\frac {1}{2} \left (c+d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}\right )}{\sqrt {-a^2+b^2}}+\frac {2 \left (c-\arccos \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a-b) \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )+\left (-2 c+\pi -2 d x^n\right ) \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a+b) \tan \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )-\left (\arccos \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )-2 i \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a-b) \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )\right ) \log \left (\frac {(a+b) \left (a-b-i \sqrt {a^2-b^2}\right ) \left (1+i \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}{a \left (a+b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2} \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}\right )+\left (\arccos \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )+2 i \left (-\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a-b) \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )+\text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a+b) \tan \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )\right )\right ) \log \left (\frac {\sqrt [4]{-1} \sqrt {a^2-b^2} e^{-\frac {1}{2} i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b+a \sin \left (c+d x^n\right )}}\right )+\left (\arccos \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )+2 i \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a-b) \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )-2 i \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a+b) \tan \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )\right ) \log \left (-\frac {(-1)^{3/4} \sqrt {a^2-b^2} e^{\frac {1}{2} i \left (c+d x^n\right )}}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {a} \sqrt {b+a \sin \left (c+d x^n\right )}}\right )-\left (\arccos \left (-\frac {b}{a}\right )+2 i \text {arctanh}\left (\frac {(a-b) \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )\right ) \log \left (1+\frac {i \left (i b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2}\right ) \left (a+b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c-\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}{a \left (a+b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2} \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}\right )+i \left (\operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {\left (b-i \sqrt {a^2-b^2}\right ) \left (a+b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c-\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}{a \left (a+b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2} \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}\right )-\operatorname {PolyLog}\left (2,\frac {\left (b+i \sqrt {a^2-b^2}\right ) \left (a+b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2} \tan \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c-\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}{a \left (a+b+\sqrt {a^2-b^2} \cot \left (\frac {1}{4} \left (2 c+\pi +2 d x^n\right )\right )\right )}\right )\right )}{\sqrt {a^2-b^2}}\right )}{d^2}\right ) \left (b+a \sin \left (c+d x^n\right )\right )}{2 a e n \left (a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )\right )} \]
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Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order 4.
Time = 1.34 (sec) , antiderivative size = 769, normalized size of antiderivative = 2.28
method | result | size |
risch | \(\frac {x \,{\mathrm e}^{\frac {\left (-1+2 n \right ) \left (-i \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i x \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right ) \pi +i \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{2} \pi +i \operatorname {csgn}\left (i x \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{2} \pi -i \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{3} \pi +2 \ln \left (e \right )+2 \ln \left (x \right )\right )}{2}}}{2 a n}+\frac {i \left (i x^{n} d \ln \left (\frac {-i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b -a \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d \,x^{n}+2 c \right )}+\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}{-i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}\right )-i x^{n} d \ln \left (\frac {i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +a \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d \,x^{n}+2 c \right )}+\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}{i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}\right )+\operatorname {dilog}\left (-\frac {i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b}{-i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}-\frac {a \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d \,x^{n}+2 c \right )}}{-i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}+\frac {\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}{-i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}\right )-\operatorname {dilog}\left (\frac {i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b}{i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}+\frac {a \,{\mathrm e}^{i \left (d \,x^{n}+2 c \right )}}{i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}+\frac {\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}{i {\mathrm e}^{i c} b +\sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}}\right )\right ) \sqrt {a^{2} {\mathrm e}^{2 i c}-{\mathrm e}^{2 i c} b^{2}}\, e^{2 n} b \,{\mathrm e}^{-\frac {i \left (2 \pi n \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (i e \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i x \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )-2 \pi n \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (i e \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{2}-2 \pi n \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (i x \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{2}+2 \pi n \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{3}-\pi \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (i e \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i x \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )+\pi \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (i e \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{2}+\pi \,\operatorname {csgn}\left (i x \right ) \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{2}-\pi \operatorname {csgn}\left (i e x \right )^{3}+2 c \right )}{2}}}{\left (a^{2}-b^{2}\right ) d^{2} n e a}\) | \(769\) |
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Both result and optimal contain complex but leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1235 vs. \(2 (302) = 604\).
Time = 0.44 (sec) , antiderivative size = 1235, normalized size of antiderivative = 3.65 \[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\text {Too large to display} \]
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\[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {\left (e x\right )^{2 n - 1}}{a + b \csc {\left (c + d x^{n} \right )}}\, dx \]
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\[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {\left (e x\right )^{2 \, n - 1}}{b \csc \left (d x^{n} + c\right ) + a} \,d x } \]
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\[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\int { \frac {\left (e x\right )^{2 \, n - 1}}{b \csc \left (d x^{n} + c\right ) + a} \,d x } \]
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Timed out. \[ \int \frac {(e x)^{-1+2 n}}{a+b \csc \left (c+d x^n\right )} \, dx=\int \frac {{\left (e\,x\right )}^{2\,n-1}}{a+\frac {b}{\sin \left (c+d\,x^n\right )}} \,d x \]
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